4. Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
Another complication of MGUS is Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, (WM). This form of cancer starts in the B-cells, and it’s similar to two other types of cancer, known as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. We’ve already discussed the implications of multiple myeloma. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphocytes, and WM cells have the same features as both lymphocytes and plasma cells.
WM cancer cells make up a significant amount of a specific type of antibody, known as macroglobulin. The build-up of M-proteins in the body, caused by MGUS, leads to the symptoms of WM. as a result of cancer, the patient may start to experience problems with their vision, as well as excessive bleeding, and issues with the nervous system.
WM cells start growing the bone marrow, where they crowd out healthy cells that constitute the different types of red blood cells. As a result, the patient may begin to develop a low red blood cell count in a condition known as anemia. The patient may start to feel weak and tired throughout the day, and they may feel light-headed when rising from a seated position. The patient may also experience increased bruising and bleeding, as well.